HAL库硬件SPI点亮板载LCD屏幕流程详解
2、hal库spi在cubemx中的配置
2.1 硬件原理图
先来看看lcd 硬件连接方式：
stm32与lcd引脚对应关系：
stm32 lcd
pa5 spi-clk
pa4 spi_cs
pa7 spi_mosi
pa6 spi_cs
pb2 spi_rst
pe7 ledk
2.2 cubemx中配置
lcd是挂在硬件spi的spi1上，cs引脚也挂在硬件spi上，可以直接配置，不用再操心cs引脚的电平转换了，库函数内部自动完成。
配置硬件spi1,lcd驱动秩序要mosi即可，只发送数据，不接收
配置非常简单，以上就是全部，直接生成代码即可。
2.3 spi配置代码解析
2.3.1 寄存器配置：
2.3.2 硬件引脚配置
整个过程虽然一行代码没写，但是配置过程考验的是你对spi的理解，还是需要掌握，只是说现在有工具把重复的代码平台化了。
2.3.3 spi接口解析：
关于spi的接口和串口差不多，也是非常多的，hal库每个库文件前面都有详细的使用说明，大家如果可以看下这部分：
接口方式基本上和串口差不多，读写、中断读写、dma、回调函数等，基本上都是一个调性。
本次我们使用的比较简单，lcd只需要写就可以，所以我们只用发送函数即可：
/** * @brief transmit an amount of data in blocking mode. * @param hspi pointer to a spi_handletypedef structure that contains * the configuration information for spi module. * @param pdata pointer to data buffer * @param size amount of data to be sent * @param timeout timeout duration * @retval hal status */hal_statustypedef hal_spi_transmit(spi_handletypedef *hspi, uint8_t *pdata, uint16_t size, uint32_t timeout);
3、lcd驱动编写
3.1 spi lcd写数据/命令
这块板子带的lcd显示屏的驱动是st7789，分辨率是240*240的，关于lcd就不多做介绍了，大家可以自行百度。
先来封装几个用到的函数,写法都比较初级，大佬轻喷....
lcd复位：
// st7789复位static void lcd_st7789_reset(void){ hal_gpio_writepin(lcd_rst_gpio_port, lcd_rst_pin, gpio_pin_set); rt_thread_mdelay(1); hal_gpio_writepin(lcd_rst_gpio_port, lcd_rst_pin, gpio_pin_reset); rt_thread_mdelay(10); hal_gpio_writepin(lcd_rst_gpio_port, lcd_rst_pin, gpio_pin_set); rt_thread_mdelay(120);}
打开lcd背光灯
void lcd_st7789_power_ctrl(uint8_t enable){ if (enable) hal_gpio_writepin(lcd_power_en_gpio_port, lcd_power_en_pin, gpio_pin_set); else hal_gpio_writepin(lcd_power_en_gpio_port, lcd_power_en_pin, gpio_pin_reset);}
st7789写数据/命令
// st7789写函数static hal_statustypedef lcd_st7789_write(int is_cmd, uint8_t data){ uint8_t pdata[2] = {0}; assert_param(null != hspi_lcd); pdata[0] = data; if (is_cmd) hal_gpio_writepin(lcd_dc_gpio_port, lcd_dc_pin, gpio_pin_reset); else hal_gpio_writepin(lcd_dc_gpio_port, lcd_dc_pin, gpio_pin_set); return hal_spi_transmit(hspi_lcd, pdata, 1, hal_max_delay);}/******************************************************************** * * lcdwritereg * * function description: * sets display register */void lcd_st7789_write_reg(uint8_t data){ hal_gpio_writepin(lcd_dc_gpio_port, lcd_dc_pin, gpio_pin_reset); hal_spi_transmit(&hspi1, &data, 1, 10);}/******************************************************************** * * lcdwritedata * * function description: * writes a value to a display register */void lcd_st7789_write_data(uint8_t data){ hal_gpio_writepin(lcd_dc_gpio_port, lcd_dc_pin, gpio_pin_set); hal_spi_transmit(&hspi1, &data, 1, 10);}/******************************************************************** * * lcd_st7789_write_data_multiple * * function description: * writes multiple values to a display register. */void lcd_st7789_write_data_multiple(uint8_t *pdata, int numitems){ hal_gpio_writepin(lcd_dc_gpio_port, lcd_dc_pin, gpio_pin_set); hal_spi_transmit(&hspi1, pdata, numitems, 10);}
基本的驱动函数就这些，都是spi写数据或者写命令的函数，具体可以看源码。
3.2 lcd基本驱动函数
让lcd亮起来，实际上就是操作一个个像素点，以下封装了一些基本函数,只放出了函数接口名，具体的可以公众号后台回复“tft”获取源码：
/*** @brief 以一种颜色清空lcd屏* @param color —— 清屏颜色(16bit)* @return none*/void lcd_st7789_clear(uint16_t color);/*** @brief 以一种颜色清填充lcd屏区域* @param color —— 清屏颜色(16bit)* @return none*/void lcd_st7789_fill_area(uint16_t xs, uint16_t ys, uint16_t xe, uint16_t ye, uint16_t color);/*** @brief 以一种颜色划横线* @param color —— 划线颜色(16bit)* @return none*/void lcd_st7789_draw_x_line(uint16_t xs, uint16_t ys, uint16_t xe, uint16_t ye, uint16_t color);/*** @brief 以一种颜色划竖线* @param color —— 划线颜色(16bit)* @return none*/void lcd_st7789_draw_y_line(uint16_t xs, uint16_t ys, uint16_t xe, uint16_t ye, uint16_t color);/*** @brief 以一种颜色划四边形* @param color —— 划线颜色(16bit)* @return none*/void lcd_draw_rectangle(uint16_t xs, uint16_t ys, uint16_t xe, uint16_t ye, uint16_t color);// 往指定区域写一个像素void lcd_st7789_write_pixel(uint16_t xpos, uint16_t ypos, uint16_t data);/*** @brief 带颜色画任意角度直线，相对长度* @param xs 起点坐标* @param xe 终点坐标* @return none*/void lcd_st778_draw_angle_relative_line(uint16_t xs, uint16_t ys, float angle, uint16_t r, uint16_t lens,uint16_t lene, uint16_t color);/*** @brief 带颜色画任意角度直线，绝对长度* @param* @param* @return none*/void lcd_st778_draw_angle_absolute_line(uint16_t xs, uint16_t ys, float angle,uint16_t len, uint16_t color);/*** @brief 带颜色画线函数(直线、斜线)* @param xs,ys 起点坐标* @param xe,ye 终点坐标* @return none*/void lcd_st778_draw_colorline(uint16_t xs, uint16_t ys, uint16_t xe, uint16_t ye, uint16_t color);/*** @breif 带颜色画圆函数* @param x1,x2 —— 圆心坐标* @param r —— 半径* @param color —— 颜色* @retval none*/void lcd_st7789_color_circle(uint16_t x, uint16_t y, uint16_t r, uint16_t color);/*** @brief 显示图片函数* @param x,y —— 起点坐标* @param width —— 图片宽度* @param height —— 图片高度* @param p —— 图片缓存数据起始地址* @return none* @note image2lcd取模方式：c语言数据/水平扫描/16位真彩色(rgb565)/高位在前，其他的不选*/void lcd_st7789_show_picture(uint16_t x, uint16_t y, uint16_t width, uint16_t height, const uint8_t *p);/*** @brief 显示一个ascii码字符* @param x,y 显示起始坐标* @param ch 需要显示的字符* @param size 字体大小(支持16/24/32号字体)* @return none* @note 需要font.h字库文件的支持*/static void lcd_st7789_show_char(uint16_t x, uint16_t y, uint8_t ch, uint16_t back_color, uint16_t font_color, uint8_t font_size); 4、实战画表
上面介绍了那么多绘图接口，接下来就来实际画个表来玩玩....说实话，画表挺有意思的....就是很费劲....
const time_angle_table_t time_angle_table_second_min[60] = { {.time_count = 0, .angle = 270}, {.time_count = 1, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle}, {.time_count = 2, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 2}, {.time_count = 3, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 3}, {.time_count = 4, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 4}, {.time_count = 5, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 5}, {.time_count = 6, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 6}, {.time_count = 7, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 7}, {.time_count = 8, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 8}, {.time_count = 9, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 9}, {.time_count = 10, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 10}, {.time_count = 11, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 11}, {.time_count = 12, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 12}, {.time_count = 13, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 13}, {.time_count = 14, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 14}, {.time_count = 15, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 15}, {.time_count = 16, .angle = 0 + clock_little_angle * 1}, {.time_count = 17, .angle = clock_little_angle * 2}, {.time_count = 18, .angle = clock_little_angle * 3}, {.time_count = 19, .angle = clock_little_angle * 4}, {.time_count = 20, .angle = clock_little_angle * 5}, {.time_count = 21, .angle = clock_little_angle * 6}, {.time_count = 22, .angle = clock_little_angle * 7}, {.time_count = 23, .angle = clock_little_angle * 8}, {.time_count = 24, .angle = clock_little_angle * 9}, {.time_count = 25, .angle = clock_little_angle * 10}, {.time_count = 26, .angle = clock_little_angle * 11}, {.time_count = 27, .angle = clock_little_angle * 12}, {.time_count = 28, .angle = clock_little_angle * 13}, {.time_count = 29, .angle = clock_little_angle * 14}, {.time_count = 30, .angle = clock_little_angle * 15}, {.time_count = 31, .angle = clock_little_angle * 16}, {.time_count = 32, .angle = clock_little_angle * 17}, {.time_count = 33, .angle = clock_little_angle * 18}, {.time_count = 34, .angle = clock_little_angle * 19}, {.time_count = 35, .angle = clock_little_angle * 20}, {.time_count = 36, .angle = clock_little_angle * 21}, {.time_count = 37, .angle = clock_little_angle * 22}, {.time_count = 38, .angle = clock_little_angle * 23}, {.time_count = 39, .angle = clock_little_angle * 24}, {.time_count = 40, .angle = clock_little_angle * 25}, {.time_count = 41, .angle = clock_little_angle * 26}, {.time_count = 42, .angle = clock_little_angle * 27}, {.time_count = 43, .angle = clock_little_angle * 28}, {.time_count = 44, .angle = clock_little_angle * 29}, {.time_count = 45, .angle = clock_little_angle * 30}, {.time_count = 46, .angle = clock_little_angle * 31}, {.time_count = 47, .angle = clock_little_angle * 32}, {.time_count = 48, .angle = clock_little_angle * 33}, {.time_count = 49, .angle = clock_little_angle * 34}, {.time_count = 50, .angle = clock_little_angle * 35}, {.time_count = 51, .angle = clock_little_angle * 36}, {.time_count = 52, .angle = clock_little_angle * 37}, {.time_count = 53, .angle = clock_little_angle * 38}, {.time_count = 54, .angle = clock_little_angle * 39}, {.time_count = 55, .angle = clock_little_angle * 40}, {.time_count = 56, .angle = clock_little_angle * 41}, {.time_count = 57, .angle = clock_little_angle * 42}, {.time_count = 58, .angle = clock_little_angle * 43}, {.time_count = 59, .angle = clock_little_angle * 44},};const time_angle_table_t time_angle_table_hour[12] = { {.time_count = 1, .angle = 270 + clock_big_angle}, {.time_count = 2, .angle = 270 + clock_big_angle * 2}, {.time_count = 3, .angle = 0}, {.time_count = 4, .angle = clock_big_angle * 1}, {.time_count = 5, .angle = clock_big_angle * 2}, {.time_count = 6, .angle = clock_big_angle * 3}, {.time_count = 7, .angle = clock_big_angle * 4}, {.time_count = 8, .angle = clock_big_angle * 5}, {.time_count = 9, .angle = clock_big_angle * 6}, {.time_count = 10, .angle = clock_big_angle * 7}, {.time_count = 11, .angle = clock_big_angle * 8}, {.time_count = 12, .angle = clock_big_angle * 9}};void (*current_operation_index)(void);static menu_para_t menu_para = {0};/**画表针*/static void menu_draw_clock_hand(clock_hand_obj_t *clock_hand_obj){ lcd_st778_draw_angle_absolute_line(clock_hand_obj->xs, clock_hand_obj->ys, clock_hand_obj->angle, clock_hand_obj->lens, clock_hand_obj->color);}/**清除指定长度的表针*/static void menu_erase_clock_hand(clock_hand_obj_t *clock_hand_obj){ lcd_st778_draw_angle_relative_line(clock_hand_obj->xs, clock_hand_obj->ys, clock_hand_obj->angle, clock_hand_obj->r, clock_hand_obj->lens, clock_hand_obj->lene, clock_hand_obj->color);}/**画小刻度*/static void menu_draw_sec_min_scale(clock_hand_obj_t *clock_hand_obj){ uint8_t i = 0; uint16_t angle = 0; /**画秒分钟刻度*/ for (i = 0; i xs, clock_hand_obj->ys, angle, clock_hand_obj->r, clock_hand_obj->lens, clock_hand_obj->lene, clock_hand_obj->color); angle += clock_little_angle; }}/**画大刻度*/static void menu_draw_hour_scale(clock_hand_obj_t *clock_hand_obj){ uint8_t i = 0; uint16_t angle = 0; /**画一刻钟刻度*/ for (i = 0; i xs, clock_hand_obj->ys, angle, clock_hand_obj->r, clock_hand_obj->lens, clock_hand_obj->lene, clock_hand_obj->color); angle += clock_big_angle; }}static void menu_draw_clock_panel_init(void){ clock_hand_obj_t clock_hand_obj = {0}; /**画秒分钟刻度*/ clock_hand_obj.xs = clock_center_xs; clock_hand_obj.ys = clock_center_ys; clock_hand_obj.r = clock_panel_radius; clock_hand_obj.lens = clock_min_sec_angle_len; clock_hand_obj.lene = clock_panel_radius; clock_hand_obj.color = lcd_disp_red; menu_draw_sec_min_scale(&clock_hand_obj); /**画一刻钟刻度*/ clock_hand_obj.lens = clock_hour_angle_len; clock_hand_obj.color = lcd_disp_blue; menu_draw_hour_scale(&clock_hand_obj); // /**画初始化秒针*/ // clock_hand_obj.xs = 80; // clock_hand_obj.ys = 80; // clock_hand_obj.angle = sencond_hand_angle; // clock_hand_obj.lens = second_hand_len; // clock_hand_obj.color = lcd_disp_red; // menu_draw_clock_hand(&clock_hand_obj); // /**画初始化分针*/ // clock_hand_obj.angle = minute_hand_angle; // clock_hand_obj.lens = minute_hand_len; // menu_draw_clock_hand(&clock_hand_obj); // /**画初始化时针*/ // clock_hand_obj.angle = hour_hand_angle; // clock_hand_obj.lens = hour_hand_len; // menu_draw_clock_hand(&clock_hand_obj); /**三针交汇中间圆环*/ lcd_st7789_color_circle(clock_center_xs, clock_center_ys, 2, lcd_disp_red); lcd_st7789_color_circle(clock_center_xs, clock_center_ys, 3, lcd_disp_red); lcd_st7789_color_circle(clock_center_xs, clock_center_ys, 4, lcd_disp_red);}void menu_analog_watch_run(clock_time_t *clock_time){ int i = 0; static uint8_t clock_hour_state = 1; clock_hand_obj_t clock_hand_obj = {0}; /**秒针*/ for (i = 0; i second == time_angle_table_second_min[i].time_count) { clock_hand_obj.angle = time_angle_table_second_min[i].angle; break; } } rt_kprintf(clock_hand_obj.angle = %d, clock_hand_obj.angle); rt_kprintf(clock_time->second = %d, clock_time->second); clock_hand_obj.xs = clock_center_xs; clock_hand_obj.ys = clock_center_ys; clock_hand_obj.lens = second_hand_len; clock_hand_obj.color = lcd_disp_red; menu_draw_clock_hand(&clock_hand_obj); /**如果秒针将要追赶上分针*/ if ((clock_time->second - clock_time->minute == 1) || (clock_time->second - clock_time->minute == -59)) { clock_hand_obj.lens = clock_panel_radius - minute_hand_len; clock_hand_obj.lene = clock_panel_radius-clock_hour_angle_len; clock_hand_obj.r = clock_panel_radius; clock_hand_obj.color = lcd_disp_white; if (clock_time->second) { clock_hand_obj.angle = time_angle_table_second_min[clock_time->second - 1].angle; } else { clock_hand_obj.angle = time_angle_table_second_min[59].angle; } menu_erase_clock_hand(&clock_hand_obj); } else { clock_hand_obj.xs = clock_center_xs; clock_hand_obj.ys = clock_center_ys; clock_hand_obj.r = clock_panel_radius; clock_hand_obj.color = lcd_disp_white; if (i && (5 * (clock_time->hour) + 1 == clock_time->second)) { clock_hand_obj.lens = clock_panel_radius - hour_hand_len; clock_hand_obj.lene = clock_panel_radius-clock_hour_angle_len; } else { clock_hand_obj.lens = clock_panel_radius - 5; clock_hand_obj.lene = clock_panel_radius-clock_hour_angle_len; } if (i) { clock_hand_obj.angle = time_angle_table_second_min[i - 1].angle; menu_erase_clock_hand(&clock_hand_obj); } else { clock_hand_obj.angle = time_angle_table_second_min[59].angle; menu_erase_clock_hand(&clock_hand_obj); } } /**分针*/ for (i = 0; i minute == time_angle_table_second_min[i].time_count) { clock_hand_obj.angle = time_angle_table_second_min[i].angle; break; } } clock_hand_obj.xs = clock_center_xs; clock_hand_obj.ys = clock_center_ys; clock_hand_obj.lens = minute_hand_len; clock_hand_obj.color = lcd_disp_red; menu_draw_clock_hand(&clock_hand_obj); /**如果秒针将要追赶上分针*/ if ((clock_time->minute - clock_time->second == 1) || (clock_time->minute - clock_time->second == -59)) { } else { clock_hand_obj.r = clock_panel_radius; clock_hand_obj.color = lcd_disp_white; if ((clock_time->second == 0) && ((clock_time->hour - clock_time->minute == 11) || (5 * (clock_time->hour) + 1 == clock_time->minute))) { clock_hour_state = 0; } else { clock_hour_state = 1; } if (i && ((5 * (clock_time->hour) + 1 == clock_time->minute) || (clock_time->hour - clock_time->minute == 11)) && clock_hour_state) { clock_hand_obj.lens = clock_panel_radius - hour_hand_len; clock_hand_obj.lene = clock_panel_radius-clock_hour_angle_len; } else { clock_hand_obj.lens = clock_panel_radius - 5; clock_hand_obj.lene = clock_panel_radius-clock_hour_angle_len; } if (i) { clock_hand_obj.angle = time_angle_table_second_min[i - 1].angle; menu_erase_clock_hand(&clock_hand_obj); } else { clock_hand_obj.angle = time_angle_table_second_min[59].angle; menu_erase_clock_hand(&clock_hand_obj); } } /**时针*/ for (i = 0; i hour == time_angle_table_hour[i].time_count) { clock_hand_obj.angle = time_angle_table_hour[i].angle; break; } } /**画初始化时针*/ clock_hand_obj.xs = clock_center_xs; clock_hand_obj.ys = clock_center_ys; clock_hand_obj.lens = hour_hand_len; clock_hand_obj.color = lcd_disp_red; menu_draw_clock_hand(&clock_hand_obj);}void menu_digital_watch_run(clock_time_t *clock_time){ char data_disp[50] = {0}; sprintf(data_disp, %02d%s%02d%s%02d, clock_time->hour, : , clock_time->minute, : , clock_time->second); lcd_st7789_show_str(25, 195, 20, (uint8_t *)data_disp, lcd_disp_blue, lcd_disp_white, 32);}void menu_clock_time_bar(clock_time_t *clock_time){ lcd_st7789_fill_area(160,0,160,20,lcd_disp_yellow);}void menu_clock_run(clock_time_t *clock_time){ menu_analog_watch_run(clock_time); menu_digital_watch_run(clock_time); menu_clock_time_bar(clock_time);}void menu_main_window(void){ char data_disp[50] = {0}; /**160*160,绿色背景*/ lcd_st7789_fill_area(0, 0, 240, 190, lcd_disp_white); /**状态区域，50*50,黄色背景*/ // lcd_st7789_fill_area(160, 0, 240, 160, lcd_disp_white); /**数字表区域,50*240,蓝色背景*/ lcd_st7789_fill_area(0, 190, 240, 240, lcd_disp_blue); lcd_st7789_color_circle(clock_center_xs, clock_center_ys,clock_panel_radius, lcd_disp_red); lcd_st7789_color_circle(clock_center_xs, clock_center_ys, clock_panel_radius-1, lcd_disp_red); lcd_st7789_color_circle(clock_center_xs, clock_center_ys, clock_panel_radius-5, lcd_disp_yellow); lcd_st7789_color_circle(clock_center_xs, clock_center_ys, clock_panel_radius-6, lcd_disp_yellow); menu_draw_clock_panel_init(); // sprintf(data_disp, %s, digital); // lcd_st7789_show_str(165, 20, 20, (uint8_t *)data_disp, lcd_disp_yellow, lcd_disp_blue, 24); // sprintf(data_disp, %s, clock); // lcd_st7789_show_str(165, 50, 20, (uint8_t *)data_disp, lcd_disp_yellow, lcd_disp_blue, 24); // sprintf(data_disp, %s, pause); // lcd_st7789_show_str(165, 90, 20, (uint8_t *)data_disp, lcd_disp_yellow, lcd_disp_red, 24); // sprintf(data_disp, %s, alarm); // lcd_st7789_show_str(165, 120, 20, (uint8_t *)data_disp, lcd_disp_yellow, lcd_disp_red, 24); // sprintf(data_disp, %s, 12 : 12 : 12); // lcd_st7789_show_str(20, 190, 20, (uint8_t *)data_disp, lcd_disp_blue, lcd_disp_white, 32);}
看下效果（说实话，纯画的挺丑的...）：
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2.1 硬件原理图
先来看看lcd 硬件连接方式：
stm32与lcd引脚对应关系：
stm32 lcd
pa5 spi-clk
pa4 spi_cs
pa7 spi_mosi
pa6 spi_cs
pb2 spi_rst
pe7 ledk
2.2 cubemx中配置
lcd是挂在硬件spi的spi1上，cs引脚也挂在硬件spi上，可以直接配置，不用再操心cs引脚的电平转换了，库函数内部自动完成。
配置硬件spi1,lcd驱动秩序要mosi即可，只发送数据，不接收
配置非常简单，以上就是全部，直接生成代码即可。
2.3 spi配置代码解析
2.3.1 寄存器配置：
2.3.2 硬件引脚配置
整个过程虽然一行代码没写，但是配置过程考验的是你对spi的理解，还是需要掌握，只是说现在有工具把重复的代码平台化了。
2.3.3 spi接口解析：
关于spi的接口和串口差不多，也是非常多的，hal库每个库文件前面都有详细的使用说明，大家如果可以看下这部分：
接口方式基本上和串口差不多，读写、中断读写、dma、回调函数等，基本上都是一个调性。
本次我们使用的比较简单，lcd只需要写就可以，所以我们只用发送函数即可：
/** * @brief transmit an amount of data in blocking mode. * @param hspi pointer to a spi_handletypedef structure that contains * the configuration information for spi module. * @param pdata pointer to data buffer * @param size amount of data to be sent * @param timeout timeout duration * @retval hal status */hal_statustypedef hal_spi_transmit(spi_handletypedef *hspi, uint8_t *pdata, uint16_t size, uint32_t timeout);
3、lcd驱动编写
3.1 spi lcd写数据/命令
这块板子带的lcd显示屏的驱动是st7789，分辨率是240*240的，关于lcd就不多做介绍了，大家可以自行百度。
先来封装几个用到的函数,写法都比较初级，大佬轻喷....
lcd复位：
// st7789复位static void lcd_st7789_reset(void){ hal_gpio_writepin(lcd_rst_gpio_port, lcd_rst_pin, gpio_pin_set); rt_thread_mdelay(1); hal_gpio_writepin(lcd_rst_gpio_port, lcd_rst_pin, gpio_pin_reset); rt_thread_mdelay(10); hal_gpio_writepin(lcd_rst_gpio_port, lcd_rst_pin, gpio_pin_set); rt_thread_mdelay(120);}
打开lcd背光灯
void lcd_st7789_power_ctrl(uint8_t enable){ if (enable) hal_gpio_writepin(lcd_power_en_gpio_port, lcd_power_en_pin, gpio_pin_set); else hal_gpio_writepin(lcd_power_en_gpio_port, lcd_power_en_pin, gpio_pin_reset);}
st7789写数据/命令
// st7789写函数static hal_statustypedef lcd_st7789_write(int is_cmd, uint8_t data){ uint8_t pdata[2] = {0}; assert_param(null != hspi_lcd); pdata[0] = data; if (is_cmd) hal_gpio_writepin(lcd_dc_gpio_port, lcd_dc_pin, gpio_pin_reset); else hal_gpio_writepin(lcd_dc_gpio_port, lcd_dc_pin, gpio_pin_set); return hal_spi_transmit(hspi_lcd, pdata, 1, hal_max_delay);}/******************************************************************** * * lcdwritereg * * function description: * sets display register */void lcd_st7789_write_reg(uint8_t data){ hal_gpio_writepin(lcd_dc_gpio_port, lcd_dc_pin, gpio_pin_reset); hal_spi_transmit(&hspi1, &data, 1, 10);}/******************************************************************** * * lcdwritedata * * function description: * writes a value to a display register */void lcd_st7789_write_data(uint8_t data){ hal_gpio_writepin(lcd_dc_gpio_port, lcd_dc_pin, gpio_pin_set); hal_spi_transmit(&hspi1, &data, 1, 10);}/******************************************************************** * * lcd_st7789_write_data_multiple * * function description: * writes multiple values to a display register. */void lcd_st7789_write_data_multiple(uint8_t *pdata, int numitems){ hal_gpio_writepin(lcd_dc_gpio_port, lcd_dc_pin, gpio_pin_set); hal_spi_transmit(&hspi1, pdata, numitems, 10);}
基本的驱动函数就这些，都是spi写数据或者写命令的函数，具体可以看源码。
3.2 lcd基本驱动函数
让lcd亮起来，实际上就是操作一个个像素点，以下封装了一些基本函数,只放出了函数接口名，具体的可以公众号后台回复“tft”获取源码：
/*** @brief 以一种颜色清空lcd屏* @param color —— 清屏颜色(16bit)* @return none*/void lcd_st7789_clear(uint16_t color);/*** @brief 以一种颜色清填充lcd屏区域* @param color —— 清屏颜色(16bit)* @return none*/void lcd_st7789_fill_area(uint16_t xs, uint16_t ys, uint16_t xe, uint16_t ye, uint16_t color);/*** @brief 以一种颜色划横线* @param color —— 划线颜色(16bit)* @return none*/void lcd_st7789_draw_x_line(uint16_t xs, uint16_t ys, uint16_t xe, uint16_t ye, uint16_t color);/*** @brief 以一种颜色划竖线* @param color —— 划线颜色(16bit)* @return none*/void lcd_st7789_draw_y_line(uint16_t xs, uint16_t ys, uint16_t xe, uint16_t ye, uint16_t color);/*** @brief 以一种颜色划四边形* @param color —— 划线颜色(16bit)* @return none*/void lcd_draw_rectangle(uint16_t xs, uint16_t ys, uint16_t xe, uint16_t ye, uint16_t color);// 往指定区域写一个像素void lcd_st7789_write_pixel(uint16_t xpos, uint16_t ypos, uint16_t data);/*** @brief 带颜色画任意角度直线，相对长度* @param xs 起点坐标* @param xe 终点坐标* @return none*/void lcd_st778_draw_angle_relative_line(uint16_t xs, uint16_t ys, float angle, uint16_t r, uint16_t lens,uint16_t lene, uint16_t color);/*** @brief 带颜色画任意角度直线，绝对长度* @param* @param* @return none*/void lcd_st778_draw_angle_absolute_line(uint16_t xs, uint16_t ys, float angle,uint16_t len, uint16_t color);/*** @brief 带颜色画线函数(直线、斜线)* @param xs,ys 起点坐标* @param xe,ye 终点坐标* @return none*/void lcd_st778_draw_colorline(uint16_t xs, uint16_t ys, uint16_t xe, uint16_t ye, uint16_t color);/*** @breif 带颜色画圆函数* @param x1,x2 —— 圆心坐标* @param r —— 半径* @param color —— 颜色* @retval none*/void lcd_st7789_color_circle(uint16_t x, uint16_t y, uint16_t r, uint16_t color);/*** @brief 显示图片函数* @param x,y —— 起点坐标* @param width —— 图片宽度* @param height —— 图片高度* @param p —— 图片缓存数据起始地址* @return none* @note image2lcd取模方式：c语言数据/水平扫描/16位真彩色(rgb565)/高位在前，其他的不选*/void lcd_st7789_show_picture(uint16_t x, uint16_t y, uint16_t width, uint16_t height, const uint8_t *p);/*** @brief 显示一个ascii码字符* @param x,y 显示起始坐标* @param ch 需要显示的字符* @param size 字体大小(支持16/24/32号字体)* @return none* @note 需要font.h字库文件的支持*/static void lcd_st7789_show_char(uint16_t x, uint16_t y, uint8_t ch, uint16_t back_color, uint16_t font_color, uint8_t font_size); 4、实战画表
上面介绍了那么多绘图接口，接下来就来实际画个表来玩玩....说实话，画表挺有意思的....就是很费劲....
const time_angle_table_t time_angle_table_second_min[60] = { {.time_count = 0, .angle = 270}, {.time_count = 1, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle}, {.time_count = 2, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 2}, {.time_count = 3, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 3}, {.time_count = 4, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 4}, {.time_count = 5, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 5}, {.time_count = 6, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 6}, {.time_count = 7, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 7}, {.time_count = 8, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 8}, {.time_count = 9, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 9}, {.time_count = 10, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 10}, {.time_count = 11, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 11}, {.time_count = 12, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 12}, {.time_count = 13, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 13}, {.time_count = 14, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 14}, {.time_count = 15, .angle = 270 + clock_little_angle * 15}, {.time_count = 16, .angle = 0 + clock_little_angle * 1}, {.time_count = 17, .angle = clock_little_angle * 2}, {.time_count = 18, .angle = clock_little_angle * 3}, {.time_count = 19, .angle = clock_little_angle * 4}, {.time_count = 20, .angle = clock_little_angle * 5}, {.time_count = 21, .angle = clock_little_angle * 6}, {.time_count = 22, .angle = clock_little_angle * 7}, {.time_count = 23, .angle = clock_little_angle * 8}, {.time_count = 24, .angle = clock_little_angle * 9}, {.time_count = 25, .angle = clock_little_angle * 10}, {.time_count = 26, .angle = clock_little_angle * 11}, {.time_count = 27, .angle = clock_little_angle * 12}, {.time_count = 28, .angle = clock_little_angle * 13}, {.time_count = 29, .angle = clock_little_angle * 14}, {.time_count = 30, .angle = clock_little_angle * 15}, {.time_count = 31, .angle = clock_little_angle * 16}, {.time_count = 32, .angle = clock_little_angle * 17}, {.time_count = 33, .angle = clock_little_angle * 18}, {.time_count = 34, .angle = clock_little_angle * 19}, {.time_count = 35, .angle = clock_little_angle * 20}, {.time_count = 36, .angle = clock_little_angle * 21}, {.time_count = 37, .angle = clock_little_angle * 22}, {.time_count = 38, .angle = clock_little_angle * 23}, {.time_count = 39, .angle = clock_little_angle * 24}, {.time_count = 40, .angle = clock_little_angle * 25}, {.time_count = 41, .angle = clock_little_angle * 26}, {.time_count = 42, .angle = clock_little_angle * 27}, {.time_count = 43, .angle = clock_little_angle * 28}, {.time_count = 44, .angle = clock_little_angle * 29}, {.time_count = 45, .angle = clock_little_angle * 30}, {.time_count = 46, .angle = clock_little_angle * 31}, {.time_count = 47, .angle = clock_little_angle * 32}, {.time_count = 48, .angle = clock_little_angle * 33}, {.time_count = 49, .angle = clock_little_angle * 34}, {.time_count = 50, .angle = clock_little_angle * 35}, {.time_count = 51, .angle = clock_little_angle * 36}, {.time_count = 52, .angle = clock_little_angle * 37}, {.time_count = 53, .angle = clock_little_angle * 38}, {.time_count = 54, .angle = clock_little_angle * 39}, {.time_count = 55, .angle = clock_little_angle * 40}, {.time_count = 56, .angle = clock_little_angle * 41}, {.time_count = 57, .angle = clock_little_angle * 42}, {.time_count = 58, .angle = clock_little_angle * 43}, {.time_count = 59, .angle = clock_little_angle * 44},};const time_angle_table_t time_angle_table_hour[12] = { {.time_count = 1, .angle = 270 + clock_big_angle}, {.time_count = 2, .angle = 270 + clock_big_angle * 2}, {.time_count = 3, .angle = 0}, {.time_count = 4, .angle = clock_big_angle * 1}, {.time_count = 5, .angle = clock_big_angle * 2}, {.time_count = 6, .angle = clock_big_angle * 3}, {.time_count = 7, .angle = clock_big_angle * 4}, {.time_count = 8, .angle = clock_big_angle * 5}, {.time_count = 9, .angle = clock_big_angle * 6}, {.time_count = 10, .angle = clock_big_angle * 7}, {.time_count = 11, .angle = clock_big_angle * 8}, {.time_count = 12, .angle = clock_big_angle * 9}};void (*current_operation_index)(void);static menu_para_t menu_para = {0};/**画表针*/static void menu_draw_clock_hand(clock_hand_obj_t *clock_hand_obj){ lcd_st778_draw_angle_absolute_line(clock_hand_obj->xs, clock_hand_obj->ys, clock_hand_obj->angle, clock_hand_obj->lens, clock_hand_obj->color);}/**清除指定长度的表针*/static void menu_erase_clock_hand(clock_hand_obj_t *clock_hand_obj){ lcd_st778_draw_angle_relative_line(clock_hand_obj->xs, clock_hand_obj->ys, clock_hand_obj->angle, clock_hand_obj->r, clock_hand_obj->lens, clock_hand_obj->lene, clock_hand_obj->color);}/**画小刻度*/static void menu_draw_sec_min_scale(clock_hand_obj_t *clock_hand_obj){ uint8_t i = 0; uint16_t angle = 0; /**画秒分钟刻度*/ for (i = 0; i xs, clock_hand_obj->ys, angle, clock_hand_obj->r, clock_hand_obj->lens, clock_hand_obj->lene, clock_hand_obj->color); angle += clock_little_angle; }}/**画大刻度*/static void menu_draw_hour_scale(clock_hand_obj_t *clock_hand_obj){ uint8_t i = 0; uint16_t angle = 0; /**画一刻钟刻度*/ for (i = 0; i xs, clock_hand_obj->ys, angle, clock_hand_obj->r, clock_hand_obj->lens, clock_hand_obj->lene, clock_hand_obj->color); angle += clock_big_angle; }}static void menu_draw_clock_panel_init(void){ clock_hand_obj_t clock_hand_obj = {0}; /**画秒分钟刻度*/ clock_hand_obj.xs = clock_center_xs; clock_hand_obj.ys = clock_center_ys; clock_hand_obj.r = clock_panel_radius; clock_hand_obj.lens = clock_min_sec_angle_len; clock_hand_obj.lene = clock_panel_radius; clock_hand_obj.color = lcd_disp_red; menu_draw_sec_min_scale(&clock_hand_obj); /**画一刻钟刻度*/ clock_hand_obj.lens = clock_hour_angle_len; clock_hand_obj.color = lcd_disp_blue; menu_draw_hour_scale(&clock_hand_obj); // /**画初始化秒针*/ // clock_hand_obj.xs = 80; // clock_hand_obj.ys = 80; // clock_hand_obj.angle = sencond_hand_angle; // clock_hand_obj.lens = second_hand_len; // clock_hand_obj.color = lcd_disp_red; // menu_draw_clock_hand(&clock_hand_obj); // /**画初始化分针*/ // clock_hand_obj.angle = minute_hand_angle; // clock_hand_obj.lens = minute_hand_len; // menu_draw_clock_hand(&clock_hand_obj); // /**画初始化时针*/ // clock_hand_obj.angle = hour_hand_angle; // clock_hand_obj.lens = hour_hand_len; // menu_draw_clock_hand(&clock_hand_obj); /**三针交汇中间圆环*/ lcd_st7789_color_circle(clock_center_xs, clock_center_ys, 2, lcd_disp_red); lcd_st7789_color_circle(clock_center_xs, clock_center_ys, 3, lcd_disp_red); lcd_st7789_color_circle(clock_center_xs, clock_center_ys, 4, lcd_disp_red);}void menu_analog_watch_run(clock_time_t *clock_time){ int i = 0; static uint8_t clock_hour_state = 1; clock_hand_obj_t clock_hand_obj = {0}; /**秒针*/ for (i = 0; i second == time_angle_table_second_min[i].time_count) { clock_hand_obj.angle = time_angle_table_second_min[i].angle; break; } } rt_kprintf(clock_hand_obj.angle = %d, clock_hand_obj.angle); rt_kprintf(clock_time->second = %d, clock_time->second); clock_hand_obj.xs = clock_center_xs; clock_hand_obj.ys = clock_center_ys; clock_hand_obj.lens = second_hand_len; clock_hand_obj.color = lcd_disp_red; menu_draw_clock_hand(&clock_hand_obj); /**如果秒针将要追赶上分针*/ if ((clock_time->second - clock_time->minute == 1) || (clock_time->second - clock_time->minute == -59)) { clock_hand_obj.lens = clock_panel_radius - minute_hand_len; clock_hand_obj.lene = clock_panel_radius-clock_hour_angle_len; clock_hand_obj.r = clock_panel_radius; clock_hand_obj.color = lcd_disp_white; if (clock_time->second) { clock_hand_obj.angle = time_angle_table_second_min[clock_time->second - 1].angle; } else { clock_hand_obj.angle = time_angle_table_second_min[59].angle; } menu_erase_clock_hand(&clock_hand_obj); } else { clock_hand_obj.xs = clock_center_xs; clock_hand_obj.ys = clock_center_ys; clock_hand_obj.r = clock_panel_radius; clock_hand_obj.color = lcd_disp_white; if (i && (5 * (clock_time->hour) + 1 == clock_time->second)) { clock_hand_obj.lens = clock_panel_radius - hour_hand_len; clock_hand_obj.lene = clock_panel_radius-clock_hour_angle_len; } else { clock_hand_obj.lens = clock_panel_radius - 5; clock_hand_obj.lene = clock_panel_radius-clock_hour_angle_len; } if (i) { clock_hand_obj.angle = time_angle_table_second_min[i - 1].angle; menu_erase_clock_hand(&clock_hand_obj); } else { clock_hand_obj.angle = time_angle_table_second_min[59].angle; menu_erase_clock_hand(&clock_hand_obj); } } /**分针*/ for (i = 0; i minute == time_angle_table_second_min[i].time_count) { clock_hand_obj.angle = time_angle_table_second_min[i].angle; break; } } clock_hand_obj.xs = clock_center_xs; clock_hand_obj.ys = clock_center_ys; clock_hand_obj.lens = minute_hand_len; clock_hand_obj.color = lcd_disp_red; menu_draw_clock_hand(&clock_hand_obj); /**如果秒针将要追赶上分针*/ if ((clock_time->minute - clock_time->second == 1) || (clock_time->minute - clock_time->second == -59)) { } else { clock_hand_obj.r = clock_panel_radius; clock_hand_obj.color = lcd_disp_white; if ((clock_time->second == 0) && ((clock_time->hour - clock_time->minute == 11) || (5 * (clock_time->hour) + 1 == clock_time->minute))) { clock_hour_state = 0; } else { clock_hour_state = 1; } if (i && ((5 * (clock_time->hour) + 1 == clock_time->minute) || (clock_time->hour - clock_time->minute == 11)) && clock_hour_state) { clock_hand_obj.lens = clock_panel_radius - hour_hand_len; clock_hand_obj.lene = clock_panel_radius-clock_hour_angle_len; } else { clock_hand_obj.lens = clock_panel_radius - 5; clock_hand_obj.lene = clock_panel_radius-clock_hour_angle_len; } if (i) { clock_hand_obj.angle = time_angle_table_second_min[i - 1].angle; menu_erase_clock_hand(&clock_hand_obj); } else { clock_hand_obj.angle = time_angle_table_second_min[59].angle; menu_erase_clock_hand(&clock_hand_obj); } } /**时针*/ for (i = 0; i hour == time_angle_table_hour[i].time_count) { clock_hand_obj.angle = time_angle_table_hour[i].angle; break; } } /**画初始化时针*/ clock_hand_obj.xs = clock_center_xs; clock_hand_obj.ys = clock_center_ys; clock_hand_obj.lens = hour_hand_len; clock_hand_obj.color = lcd_disp_red; menu_draw_clock_hand(&clock_hand_obj);}void menu_digital_watch_run(clock_time_t *clock_time){ char data_disp[50] = {0}; sprintf(data_disp, %02d%s%02d%s%02d, clock_time->hour, : , clock_time->minute, : , clock_time->second); lcd_st7789_show_str(25, 195, 20, (uint8_t *)data_disp, lcd_disp_blue, lcd_disp_white, 32);}void menu_clock_time_bar(clock_time_t *clock_time){ lcd_st7789_fill_area(160,0,160,20,lcd_disp_yellow);}void menu_clock_run(clock_time_t *clock_time){ menu_analog_watch_run(clock_time); menu_digital_watch_run(clock_time); menu_clock_time_bar(clock_time);}void menu_main_window(void){ char data_disp[50] = {0}; /**160*160,绿色背景*/ lcd_st7789_fill_area(0, 0, 240, 190, lcd_disp_white); /**状态区域，50*50,黄色背景*/ // lcd_st7789_fill_area(160, 0, 240, 160, lcd_disp_white); /**数字表区域,50*240,蓝色背景*/ lcd_st7789_fill_area(0, 190, 240, 240, lcd_disp_blue); lcd_st7789_color_circle(clock_center_xs, clock_center_ys,clock_panel_radius, lcd_disp_red); lcd_st7789_color_circle(clock_center_xs, clock_center_ys, clock_panel_radius-1, lcd_disp_red); lcd_st7789_color_circle(clock_center_xs, clock_center_ys, clock_panel_radius-5, lcd_disp_yellow); lcd_st7789_color_circle(clock_center_xs, clock_center_ys, clock_panel_radius-6, lcd_disp_yellow); menu_draw_clock_panel_init(); // sprintf(data_disp, %s, digital); // lcd_st7789_show_str(165, 20, 20, (uint8_t *)data_disp, lcd_disp_yellow, lcd_disp_blue, 24); // sprintf(data_disp, %s, clock); // lcd_st7789_show_str(165, 50, 20, (uint8_t *)data_disp, lcd_disp_yellow, lcd_disp_blue, 24); // sprintf(data_disp, %s, pause); // lcd_st7789_show_str(165, 90, 20, (uint8_t *)data_disp, lcd_disp_yellow, lcd_disp_red, 24); // sprintf(data_disp, %s, alarm); // lcd_st7789_show_str(165, 120, 20, (uint8_t *)data_disp, lcd_disp_yellow, lcd_disp_red, 24); // sprintf(data_disp, %s, 12 : 12 : 12); // lcd_st7789_show_str(20, 190, 20, (uint8_t *)data_disp, lcd_disp_blue, lcd_disp_white, 32);}
看下效果（说实话，纯画的挺丑的...）：
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